An Introduction to Abstract Art

An introduction to abstract art and painting: what it is, how it developed.

“Of all the arts, abstract painting is the most difficult. It demands that you know how to draw well, that you have a heightened sensitivity for composition and for colours, and that you be a true poet. This last is essential.” — Wassily Kandinsky.

In its purest form in Western art, an abstract art is one without a recognisable subject, one which doesn’t relate to anything external or try to “look like” something. Instead the colour and form (and often the materials and support) are the subject of the abstract painting. It’s completely non-objective or non-representational.

A further distinction tends to be made between abstract art which is geometric, such as the work of Mondrian, and abstract art that is more fluid (and where the apparent spontaneity often belies careful planning and execution), such as the abstract art of Kandinsky or Pollock.

Also generally classified with abstract art are figurative abstractions and paintings which represent things that aren’t visual, such an emotion, sound, or spiritual experience. Figurative abstractions are abstractions or simplifications of reality, where detail is eliminated from recognisable objects leaving only the essence or some degree of recognisable form.

In Western art history, the break from the notion that a painting had to represent something happened in the early 20th century. Impressionism, Fauvism, Cubism and other art movements of the time all contributed by breaking the “rules” of art followed since The Renaissance. Impressionism saw painters not “finishing” their paintings. The Fauvists used colour in a non-realistic way. Cubism introduced the idea of painting an object from more than one view point. From all of these the idea developed that colour, line, form, and texture could be the “subject” of the painting.

Abstract Expressionism, which emerged in the 1940s, applied the principles of Expressionism to abstract painting. The action painting of Jackson Pollock, in which paint was dripped, dropped, smeared, spattered, or thrown on the canvas, is a good example.

In 1864 the critic Ernest Chesneau wrote that if the trend the Impressionists were setting continued, paintings would eventually consist of nothing but “two broadly brushed areas of colour”. What would he have thought of the art being produced 100 years later?

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Practical painting tips for anyone starting to use acrylics.

Painting with AcrylicsAcrylics are fast-drying paints that can be used on canvas, board, or paper (almost any surface, in fact).

Acrylics are extremely versatile, fast-drying paints, and can be used straight from the tube like oils or thinned with water or a medium and used like watercolors. And a lot in-between. Here are a few tips to help you get started painting with acrylics.

Acrylic Painting Tip 1: Keeping Acrylic Paints Workable
Because acrylics dry so fast, squeeze only a little paint out of a tube. If you’re using a ‘normal’ plastic palette invest in a spray bottle so you can spray a fine mist over the paint regularly to keep it moist. ‘Stay-wet’ palettes – where the paint sits on a sheet of wax paper place on top of a damp piece of watercolour paper – eliminate the need to do this, but generally don’t have a hole for your thumb so are more awkward to hold in your hand.

Acrylic Painting Tip 2: Blot your Brushes
Keep a piece of paper towel or cloth next to your water jar and get into the habit of wiping your brushes on it after you rise them. This prevents water drops running down the ferrule and onto your painting, making blotches.

Acrylic Painting Tip 3: Opaque or Transparent
If applied thickly – either straight from the tube or with very little water added – or if mixed with a little white, all acrylic colours can be opaque. If diluted, they can be used like watercolours or for airbrushing.

Acrylic Painting Tip 4: Acrylic vs Watercolour Washes
When an acrylic wash dries, it’s permanent and, unlike a watercolour wash, is insoluble and can be over-painted without fear of disturbing the existing wash. The colours of subsequent washes mix optically with the earlier ones. A watercolour glaze can be lifted out using water and a cloth.

Acrylic Painting Tip 5: Think Thin When Thinking Glazes
If you want transparent glazes, these should be built up in thin layers; a heavy layer will produce a glossy surface.

Acrylic Painting Tip 6: Improve Flow Without Losing Colour
To increase the flow of a colour with minimal loss of colour strength, use flow-improver medium rather than just water.

Acrylic Painting Tip 7: Blending Acrylic Paints
Because acrylics dry rapidly, you need to work fast if you wish to blend colours. If you’re working on paper, dampening the paper will increase your working time.

Acrylic Painting Tip 8: Hard Edges
Masking tape can be put onto and removed from dried acrylic paint without damaging an existing layer. This makes it easy to produce a hard or sharp edge. Make sure the edges of the tape are stuck down firmly and don’t paint too thickly on the edges, otherwise you won’t get a clean line when you lift it.

Acrylic Painting Tip 9: Washing-up Liquid with Masking Fluid
Masking fluid can be used with acrylics washes, as well as watercolours. Be sure it’s completely dry before you paint over it, and don’t paint too thickly over it or you’ll have to scratch away the paint to get to the masking fluid. Masking fluid will work on paper and canvas, but do try it out first before using it in a painting to get a feel for it. Once masking fluid has dried in a brush, it’s nearly impossible to remove. Dipping a brush into some washing-up liquid first makes it easier to wash masking fluid out of a brush.

Acrylic Painting Tip 10: Using Acrylic Paint as a Glue for Collage
Provided it’s used fairly thickly and the item to be stuck isn’t too heavy, acrylic paint will work as a glue in a collage.

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10 Worst Painting Critiques

Things you shouldn’t say when asked to critique paintings.

Painting critiqueBe thoughtful and considerate when commenting on someone’s paintings, even if you think it’s an unfinished mess.

It can be tough knowing what to say when a friend asks you what you think about their latest painting or to give a critique. But there are some things you should never say if you value your friendship.

1. What is it? (You’re supposed to know and if you can’t tell, keep it to yourself as it might not be intended to a representation of an object.)

2. Do you paint like this because you don’t know how to paint real things? (The belief that realism is the only valid form of painting was discredited over a century ago.)

3. Why don’t you use more paint? Why did you use so much [insert color]? (It’s meant to be the way it is, they didn’t run out of paint or accidentally use too much of a particular color.)

4. It looks so real, did you trace it? (You’re implying they cheated. It reduces what they’ve done to a colored-in drawing.)

5. Why didn’t you just take a photo? (Because then they’d be a photographer, not a painter.)

6. My sister or brother or mother or father or second-cousin-twice-removed also paints and their things are very beautiful. (No-one wants to be compared to a stranger.)

7. The colors will match the curtains in my living room nicely. (The context of your conversation is art, not home decorating.)

8. Can you do me one like this in [insert color]? (They’re not an artist in a sweat-shop churning out copies of paintings. Every painting is an original.)

9. Show it to me again when it’s finished. What are you still planning to do with it? (Always assume it is finished unless you’ve been specifically told otherwise.)

10. Nothing at all. (No reaction is worse than a bad reaction. Practice a neutral comment such as “It’s not really my kind of thing, but it looks like you had fun painting it” or “It’s not really my kind of thing, but I can see why you’d be pleased with it.”)

Saying something nice about a painting rather than finding fault or giving ‘helpful’ suggestions doesn’t mean you haven’t looked properly nor that you’re ignorant about art nor unsophisticated. Ill-considered comments can be hurtful in ways you never intended. The person showing you their paintings is showing you something that’s important to them, that they’ve spent time creating. Be happy for them that they’re enjoying what they’re doing, even if you don’t like the result.

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Design: Villa Azure in Cape Town

If I could go on vacation right now, I think I might visit this villa. The Villa Azure is a contemporary three bedroom all en-suite vacation home, located in Cape Town, South Africa. This villa features so many accommodating luxuries, that I believe I wouldn’t venture away from this home for 2 days (smiles). The views, the amazing swimming pool, and the ambiance is just wonderful. This home can be booked all year around from $780 to $2,000 per night, depending on the season. Even though this is out of my price range, if I could.. I would. Why? Because we all enjoy something nice once in a while. Click the link above to view more. Second post premiering at 5pm Eastern.

 

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Photos From The Archive: Berlin

My first encounter with Berlin was back at uni when a group of us caught a flight to do a city trend report, and to sneak into the fashion trade show Bread and Butter; which we succeeded in doing.

The pictures from this post are from a visit when I was an official attendee of Bread and Butter, but don’t worry, it’s not a post filled with pictures of t-shirt graphics and jeans, but some shots from a free morning roaming the city before jumping on my flight back to London.

 

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More Color Grading

I did more color grading. This time, I used GIMP (gimp.org) to edit a still image instead of Blender to edit a video. After extensive fiddling with GIMP’s color balance tool, I have officially concluded that blender’s color wheels are far better than GIMP’s color sliders. Trust me, there’s a world of a difference.

Here’s the end result:

Self Critique: I still have that nasty habit of crushing the blacks too far.
Translation into non-geek language: The image lost too much color information in the darker regions because I made the shadows too intense

 

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National Dance Day

Today marks the second annual National Dance Day.  To celebrate, I have listed my favorite dance movies of all time.  Enjoy!

10. Dirty Dancing (1987) – The late Patrick Swayze was wonderful as Johnny, the rebel dance instructor.  And remember, “Nobody puts Baby in a corner!”

9. Flashdance (1983) – If Alex (played by Jennifer Beals) can get into a prestigious ballet school after working as welder and exotic dancer, then anybody can!  Dancers everywhere wore cut-up sweatshirts after this movie.

8. Dancers (1987) – Mikhail Baryshnikov and Julie Kent starred as professional dancers making a film version of the famous ballet, Giselle.  The dancing was beautiful, and I still have my official movie poster!

7. White Nights (1985) - Mikhail Baryshnikov and the late Gregory Hines are featured in this classic.  Who can forget Hines’ brilliant moves, Misha’s famous pirouette scene, or “Say You, Say Me” by Lionel Richie?

6. Fame (1980) – Who didn’t want to be a student at the New York High School of Performing Arts?  I love how the film weaves the students together in their various genres.  And obviously, Debbie Allen rocks as Lydia!

5. Billy Elliot (2000) – This film shows how Billy, played by the unbelievably talented Jamie Bell, uses dance to find joy and overcome his obstacles.  It’s a fabulous story that you will never forget.

4. All That Jazz (1979) – This movie is the semi-autobiographical tale of the legendary Bob Fosse.  It’s a fascinating look into the world of Broadway.  The dancing is spectacular, and I absolutely love Ann Reinking as Kate.

3. Black Swan (2010) – This film was frequently advertised as a “psychological thriller”.  What a massive understatement!  The way in which director Darren Aronofsky uses the story of the ballet, Swan Lake, is genius!  Natalie Portman and Mila Kunis are both incredible, and the dancing is heartbreakingly gorgeous.

2. Center Stage (2000) – The love triangle between Jody (Amanda Schull), Cooper (Ethan Stiefel), and Charlie (Sascha Radetsky) is played out on stage during the big performance finale.  This movie gives a realistic view of the pursuit of becoming a professional ballet dancer.  The dance sequences are amazing, and the soundtrack is awesome!

1. The Turning Point (1977) – This film has an outstanding cast with Mikhail Baryshnikov as Yuri, Shirley MacLaine as Dee Dee, Anne Bancroft as Emma, and Leslie Browne as Emilia.  The story revolves around the sacrifices that must be made to become a professional dancer and the conflicts that arise on the way to the top.  The dance scenes are excellent with Emilia and Yuri, and the cat-fight scene between Emma and Dee Dee is unforgettable!

 

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The Boy Who Lived

My daughter has recently become very curious about all things Harry Potter. She has caught bits and pieces of the first two movies on TV. Consequently, she asked to see the movies in their entirety. So, I borrowed all of the DVDs from a friend, and we began our Harry Potter movie marathon this week. We successfully made it through years 1 – 5, albeit with lots of pauses of the remote for explanations along the way. We stopped during “The Half-Blood Prince” because it became too intense for my daughter. But, she is totally hooked and plans to be Hermione for Halloween this year.

Watching all of the movies again reminded me of how many wonderfully magical details J. K. Rowling packed into her brilliant series. I thoroughly enjoyed reading all the books, so I want to do so again soon. I still love and feel connected to those characters who tug on my heartstrings … those like Hagrid, Dumbledore, Sirius, and of course, Harry himself. But, I also recalled the visceral reactions that I have to the villanous characters. Obviously, no one who enters the world of Harry Potter can help but loathe the Malfoys, Bellatrix, and Voldemort. But, I had forgotten until I re-watched “The Order of the Phoenix” just how horrible and infuriating Dolores Umbridge is!

Which characters from the Harry Potter series do you like and dislike the most, and why?

 

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RIP, Jerry Garcia

I will never forget August 9, 1995.  I was driving through Atlanta, Georgia with my mother.  We were on our way to Auburn, Alabama where I was about to begin my adventures as a graduate student.  A radio announcer broke in to say that Jerry Garcia had passed away.  I can not describe the reaction I had because it’s difficult to articulate how much Jerry and the Grateful Dead mean to me.    

You see, even though I was in my early twenties then, I had been lucky enough to see the Dead perform live a total of six times.  I was introduced to the band by a very special person.  He took me to my first show on March 1, 1992 at The Omni in Atlanta.  I saw five shows in Atlanta in 1992 and 1994, and one show at the Dean Smith Center in Chapel Hill, North Carolina in 1993.  All of these shows were while I was an undergraduate student at Clemson University.  So, you see, Jerry represents the carefree happiness of my youth.  Seeing those shows and listening to their music with different friends over the years are some of my most treasured memories of all time.  Jerry was a brilliant musician, and he was a beautiful singer.  Luckily, the Dead always allowed fans to record their shows, so “The Music Never Stopped”.

As a tribute, I hope you enjoy these lyrics from one of my favorite Grateful Dead tunes, “Brokedown Palace”.

 

 

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Five Reasons You Think You Don’t Like Karaoke.

My friends and I do karaoke fairly regularly, usually at least once a week. I find hanging out in bars incredibly boring, but karaoke gives you something to do, something to talk about, and a really good excuse to yell. If there is one thing I really like to do when I get tipsy it is yell, which is much less acceptable in a typical bar setting. So why does everyone seem to think karaoke is a passtime similar to getting dental work done? Well, it is because sometimes it can be. Let me take you on a Journey* into the top 5 reasons you think you don’t like karaoke.

Not you.

 

#5 : Over-done Karaoke Standards

Some of these are good, fun songs, and I have even sung them when I was a karaoke noob myself. This might be something that only bothers veterans, but here is a short list of popular songs that get done to death and become karaoke old hat. Including, but not limited to:
+ Bohemian Rhapsody; I know it was in Wayne’s World. I know it is fun to sing; I know Queen rocks. Queen has lots better songs though, srsly.
+ Black Velvet/Fever; if you are a bar skank you might not be able to chemically resist singing one of these. Try though.
+ Love Shack/Summer Nights/Picture; duets are tempting cause your buddy gets to join you, but these duets hurt my heart. You don’t do a good Fred Schneider, okay? No one does.

#4 : Too Long/Repetitive

Be mindful of the time. I personally think there should be a law against songs over 5 minutes but any song is going to seem longer when there is a monitor telling everyone about the 45 measure musical break. Shorter songs leave your audience wanting more, or at least with less time to think about your performance. Time isn’t the only factor: if you can’t think of more than one line of lyrics in a song, that might be because there are very few others. Turns out the only lyrics in I Know What Boys Like are “I know what boys like.” Over and over again.  Repeating the same thing multiple times can make a song seem hours long, as can the song actually BEING too long. That is why the worst thing you can do to yourself is to sing American Pie, trust me.

#3 : Downers

There are a lot of terrible songs in the world that will not be made better by amateurs singing them. But surprisingly there are a lot of pretty good songs in the world that make for awful karaoke. Of course, there is no accounting for taste and you might love Hotel California (even though it is complete shit) but doing it at karaoke has been proven to be no fun for anyone. Avoid the Downer! If a song on the radio ever made you tear up, then don’t inflict it on a room full of people trying to party. Slow, sad songs have their place, they can be beautiful and moving, but without fail they bore the pants off of drunks. Not literally, unfortunately.

#2 : Freestyle

Hopefully you have never had to experience this, but sometimes aspiring rap stars will sign up for a song and then freestyle rap over it. This always turns out the same way, which is boring and annoying. It is usually accompanied by some embarrassing peacocking and/or random shit talk on something, which can be scary depending on how drunk and how white trash the crowd is. There is another less forward way to freestyle, but I think even MORE annoying, it is to egregiously over-sing/add vibrato to the end of every line of the song. Both versions are teeth-grindingly bad and make the singer look like a total jackass.

#1 : Shy Guy

When I tell people that I do karaoke the response is always the same. First, “OH GAWD, DO YOU SING?!?” followed by, “I WOULD HAVE TO BE SOOOO DRUNK TO SING.” Of all the karaoke faux pas I have identified, arguably the hardest to watch is the shy-person-who-thinks-they-are-drunk-enough-to-sing/shy-person-who-is-drunk-enough-to-be-bullied-by-their-asshole-friends-into-singing. These shy guys start confident, but when the music starts and they are on, they suddenly go silent. They might mumble a line here or there, maybe speak up a little around the chorus. Other than that they spend the whole time thinking this works just like the National Anthem, moving their mouths but not actually singing anything. Wastes valuable yelling time if you ask me.

All these things can bring down a night of otherwise super fun, singing, drinking, and ROCKING. Notice that there is nothing on the list about not being a talented singer. This is because talent in singing is the least important factor of good karaoke. The key is to bring the energy and bring the fun! So if you think you don’t like karaoke, you might.  Try avoiding the above and combating them when encountered with energetic fun shit and yelling. Or, turn it around on a group of karaoke downers with what we like to call Asshole Karaoke. If you can’t beat ‘em, SEE HOW THEY LIKE IT.

 

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